About Albino

www.healthydailymail.com Albino (from Latin albus meaning white), also called hypomelanism or hypomelanosis, is one form of hypopigmentary congenital disorder. His trademark is the loss of melanin pigment in the eyes, skin, and hair (or more rarely only in the eyes). Albino arise from a combination of recessive genes. The characteristics of an albino is to have abnormal skin and hair white or pale white milk and has a pink or blue iris with red pupils (not all).

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 The number of people with albinism in humans around the world vary. Albino in Tanzania, East Africa, is a country which has the Albino people in the world, which is about 200,000. This is the same as more than patients in other countries. In most countries, people with albinism only about 1 per 20,000 population. While in Denmark, approximately 1 patient per 60,000 population. And in Africa, 1 albino patients per 5000 population.

The cause

 Albino is a genetic disorder, not a disease and infection can not be transmitted through contact, blood transfusion, etc. Albino gene causes the body can not make the pigment melanin. Most forms of albinism is the result of biological abnormality of recessive genes inherited from parents, although in rare cases can be derived from the father / mother alone. There are other genetic mutations associated with albinism, but it all leads to a change of the production of melanin in the body.

 Albino categorized by tyrosinase-positive or -negative. In the case of albino positive tyrosinase, the enzyme tyrosinase there, but melanocytes (pigment cells) are not able to produce melanin for some reason that does not directly involve the enzyme tyrosinase. In the case of negative tyrosinase, tyrosinase enzyme is not produced or manufactured nonfunctional version.

Tyrosinase enzyme

 Albino not affected gender, except ocular albinism (linked to chromosome X), so that men are more often affected by ocular albinism. Because people with albinism have no melanin pigment (serves to protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun), they suffer from the sun, which is not a problem for ordinary people.